![]() Of course illuminated manuscripts were produced by other Europeans as well. ( Public Domain ) Secular Themes in Illuminated Manuscripts Image from the Gorleston Psalter, with Medieval musicians on the bottom, Christ above. These documents, which were religious writings, were often intricately decorated with spirals, rose-work, rhombuses, and miniatures. These works are characterized by their fusion of religious themes with Celtic culture and design. For instance, between the 6th- 8th centuries AD, illuminated manuscripts in Western Europe were solely made by Irish monks. Whilst the techniques remained the same, it was the subject matter, the richness, and the people who produced the illuminations that changed over the centuries. Finally, paints were applied to the rest of the image.Ĭhrist in Majesty (12th century) from the Aberdeen Bestiary. By doing so, a shiny surface, which sparkled as the pages were turned, would have been created. The gold leaves were then laid down on this substance, and burnished or rubbed. Next, a sticky substance was used to paint the areas where gold leaves were to be placed. In addition to this form of ornamentation, the artists of this period added other decorations - such as larger pictures which occupied an entire page, historical initials (initial alphabet letters that contained scenes), as well as decorated borders.Īs for the creation of these decorations, a Medieval artist would first make an outline of the drawing with ink (a procedure that was also used in the ‘Egyptian method’). ![]() The Expansion of Illuminated Manuscripts in the Middle Agesĭuring the Middle Ages, miniatures were still used to decorate manuscripts.
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